Canadian parliamentary vote intelligence: party cohesion and controversy

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Monthly intelligence panel of every recorded division in the 45th Parliament, 1st session, from the keyless openparliament.ca API (a volunteer mirror of official House of Commons data): vote tallies, per-party Yes/No positions with intra-party disagreement rates, turnout against 343 seats, and a documented 0-100 controversy score (closeness of the division, caucus dissent, party split) ranked as controversy_rank. Flags identify unanimous votes, Liberal/Conservative splits, cross-partisan alignment, caucus dissent, and suspected free votes (>=1% mean disagreement, a heuristic). Caveats: disagreement rates are computed by openparliament from official division lists; paired votes are excluded from margins; only recorded divisions appear (no voice votes); bill titles are a best-effort parse of the procedural description. Underlying material is House of Commons parliamentary data mirrored by openparliament.ca, which holds no copyright on API data and requests link-back attribution; commercial_use=unclear.

Source: openparliament.ca (House of Commons data mirror)
Rows: 174
Columns: 44
Source cadence: Monthly
Last refreshed: Sep 26, 2026
Theme: government

Column	Type	Description
vote_id	string	Stable vote identifier: '<session>/<division number>', e.g. '45-1/174'. Primary key.
session	string	Parliamentary session covered by the panel (45-1).
vote_number	integer	Division number within the session (order of occurrence).
vote_date	string	Date the division was held (ISO date). (unit: ISO date)
country_code	string	ISO alpha-3 country code (CAN for every row). (unit: ISO 3166-1 alpha-3)
description_en	string	Short procedural description of the vote in English, verbatim from openparliament (e.g. '2nd reading of Bill C-266, ...').
description_fr	string	Short procedural description of the vote in French, verbatim from openparliament.
bill_number	string	Bill number parsed from the vote's bill_url (e.g. 'C-266'); null for procedural votes with no associated bill.
bill_title_en	string	Best-effort bill title parsed from the English description (text after the bill reference); null for procedural votes.
result	string	Official division outcome: Passed, Failed, or Tie.
yea_total	integer	Recorded votes in favour.
nay_total	integer	Recorded votes against.
paired_total	integer	Paired votes (MPs absent by mutual agreement; excluded from the yea/nay margin).
total_ballots	integer	yea_total + nay_total + paired_total.
margin_votes	integer	Absolute vote margin \|yea - nay\|.
margin_pct	float	100 * margin_votes / (yea + nay); null when no yea/nay votes were cast. (unit: percent)
turnout_pct	float	100 * total_ballots / 343 (the 45th Parliament has 343 seats). (unit: percent)
conservative_vote	string	Conservative caucus position: 'yes', 'no', 'didnt_vote' (coordinated caucus abstention), or null when the party did not vote as a recognized bloc on this division.
conservative_disagreement	float	Fraction of Conservative MPs who voted against the caucus position (0 = full discipline), as computed by openparliament. (unit: fraction)
liberal_vote	string	Liberal caucus position: 'yes', 'no', 'didnt_vote', or null.
liberal_disagreement	float	Fraction of Liberal MPs voting against the caucus position. (unit: fraction)
bloc_vote	string	Bloc Québécois caucus position: 'yes', 'no', 'didnt_vote', or null.
bloc_disagreement	float	Fraction of Bloc MPs voting against the caucus position. (unit: fraction)
ndp_vote	string	NDP caucus position: 'yes', 'no', 'didnt_vote', or null.
ndp_disagreement	float	Fraction of NDP MPs voting against the caucus position. (unit: fraction)
green_vote	string	Green caucus position: 'yes', 'no', 'didnt_vote', or null.
green_disagreement	float	Fraction of Green MPs voting against the caucus position. (unit: fraction)
unmapped_parties	string	Semicolon-joined 'label:vote:disagreement' entries for any party label upstream that is not one of the five recognized parties; empty string when none.
n_parties_yes	integer	Recognized parties voting yes.
n_parties_no	integer	Recognized parties voting no.
n_parties_abstain	integer	Recognized parties whose whole caucus abstained ('didnt_vote' position); excluded from the yes/no counts.
n_dissenting_parties	integer	Recognized parties with disagreement > 0 on this division.
max_disagreement	float	Largest intra-party disagreement fraction on this division. (unit: fraction)
max_disagreement_party	string	Column prefix of the party with the largest disagreement (null when every party voted with full discipline).
mean_disagreement	float	Mean intra-party disagreement across recognized parties present on this division. (unit: fraction)
unanimous_flag	boolean	True when every recognized party voted the same way and none abstained as a caucus.
lib_con_split_flag	boolean	True when the Liberal and Conservative caucuses voted opposite ways (the classic government/opposition divide).
cross_partisan_flag	boolean	True when the Liberal and Conservative caucuses voted the same way.
dissent_flag	boolean	True when any recognized party had intra-party disagreement > 0 on this division.
free_vote_suspect_flag	boolean	Heuristic only: true when mean_disagreement >= 0.01. openparliament does not publish whip designations, so this is an inference, not an official label.
controversy_score	float	0-100 controversy score = 100 * (0.45 * closeness + 0.35 * max_disagreement + 0.20 * party_split), where closeness = 1 - \|yea-nay\|/(yea+nay), and party_split = min(n_yes, n_no)/n_parties. 0 = unanimous whipped vote; ~100 = tied division with caucus dissent and an even party split. (unit: 0-100 score)
controversy_rank	integer	Rank of controversy_score (1 = most controversial; deterministic tie-break: vote_date desc, vote_number desc).
provenance_url	string	openparliament.ca URL of this division's vote page.
row_hash	string	Deterministic 16-hex-char row hash over vote_id, date, tallies and per-party positions/disagreement (idempotency).

First 10 sample rows — a preview, not the complete dataset.

vote_id	session	vote_number	vote_date	country_code	description_en	description_fr	bill_number	bill_title_en	result	yea_total	nay_total	paired_total	total_ballots	margin_votes	margin_pct	turnout_pct	conservative_vote	liberal_vote	liberal_disagreement	bloc_vote	ndp_vote	green_vote	unmapped_parties	n_parties_yes	n_parties_no	n_dissenting_parties	max_disagreement	max_disagreement_party	mean_disagreement	unanimous_flag	lib_con_split_flag	cross_partisan_flag	dissent_flag	free_vote_suspect_flag	controversy_score	controversy_rank	provenance_url	row_hash
45-1/1	45-1	1	2025-05-29	CAN	Address in Reply to the Speech from the Throne (subamendment)	Adresse en réponse au discours du Trône (sous-amendement)	—	—	Passed	337	0	0	337	337	100	98.25	yes	yes	0	yes	yes	yes	—	5	0	0	0	—	0	true	false	true	false	false	0	174	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/1/	ad8032b051e5b3d3
45-1/2	45-1	2	2025-06-02	CAN	Address in Reply to the Speech from the Throne (subamendment)	Adresse en réponse au discours du Trône (sous-amendement)	—	—	Passed	331	0	8	339	331	100	98.83	yes	yes	0	yes	yes	yes	—	5	0	0	0	—	0	true	false	true	false	false	0	173	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/2/	44028cbb8bb364d9
45-1/3	45-1	3	2025-06-02	CAN	Address in Reply to the Speech from the Throne (amendment as amended with subamendment)	Adresse en réponse au discours du Trône (amendement tel que modifié avec sous-amendement)	—	—	Passed	166	164	8	338	2	0.606	98.54	yes	no	0.006	yes	yes	yes	—	4	1	1	0.006	liberal	0.001	false	true	false	true	false	48.94	33	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/3/	d8d8c949e627422f
45-1/4	45-1	4	2025-06-05	CAN	Ways and means motion No. 1	Motion des voies et moyens no 1	—	—	Passed	333	0	8	341	333	100	99.42	yes	yes	0	yes	yes	yes	—	5	0	0	0	—	0	true	false	true	false	false	0	172	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/4/	f6b68cea7a2832b6
45-1/5	45-1	5	2025-06-10	CAN	Opposition Motion (Food inflation and budgetary policy)	Motion de l’opposition (Inflation alimentaire et politiques budgétaires)	—	—	Failed	162	174	4	340	12	3.571	99.13	yes	no	0	yes	no	no	—	2	3	0	0	—	0	false	true	false	false	false	51.39	12	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/5/	851153327a85a56c
45-1/6	45-1	6	2025-06-11	CAN	Opposition Motion (Canada carbon rebate and payment to Quebec) (amendment)	Motion de l’opposition (Remise canadienne sur le carbone et indemnité au Québec) (amendement)	—	—	Failed	30	310	2	342	280	82.353	99.71	no	no	0	yes	yes	yes	—	3	2	0	0	—	0	false	false	true	false	false	15.94	141	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/6/	2e9a84ed8954e5fd
45-1/7	45-1	7	2025-06-11	CAN	Opposition Motion (Canada carbon rebate and payment to Quebec)	Motion de l’opposition (Remise canadienne sur le carbone et indemnité au Québec)	—	—	Failed	30	308	2	340	278	82.249	99.13	no	no	0	yes	yes	yes	—	3	2	0	0	—	0	false	false	true	false	false	15.99	140	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/7/	dc414916a6697a5b
45-1/8	45-1	8	2025-06-12	CAN	2nd reading of Bill C-4, An Act respecting certain affordability measures for Canadians and another measure	2e lecture du projet de loi C-4, Loi concernant certaines mesures d'abordabilité pour les Canadiens et une autre mesure	C-4	An Act respecting certain affordability measures for Canadians and another measure	Passed	335	0	6	341	335	100	99.42	yes	yes	0	yes	yes	yes	—	5	0	0	0	—	0	true	false	true	false	false	0	171	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/8/	06cdbbb4dfacd354
45-1/9	45-1	9	2025-06-16	CAN	Motion for closure	Motion de clôture	—	—	Passed	307	29	4	340	278	82.738	99.13	yes	yes	0	no	no	no	—	2	3	0	0	—	0	false	false	true	false	false	15.77	144	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/9/	53134173578400d6
45-1/10	45-1	10	2025-06-16	CAN	Opposition Motion (GCStrategies Inc.)	Motion de l’opposition (GCStrategies Inc.)	—	—	Passed	172	166	4	342	6	1.775	99.71	yes	no	0	yes	yes	yes	—	4	1	0	0	—	0	false	true	false	false	false	48.2	46	https://openparliament.ca/votes/45-1/10/	429b76e9e0956a57

Point any LLM at the metadata endpoint — the documentation above is machine-readable too (JSON-LD + Croissant).

cURL

curl "https://datazimuts.com/v1/datasets/openparliament_signals/ca_parliament_vote_intel" | jq '{title, rows, columns_count, license}'

Python

import requests

ds = requests.get("https://datazimuts.com/v1/datasets/openparliament_signals/ca_parliament_vote_intel").json()
print(ds["title"], ds["rows"], "rows")

# Sample rows for an LLM context window
for row in ds.get("sample_rows", [])[:5]:
    print(row)

API endpoint: https://datazimuts.com/v1/datasets/openparliament_signals/ca_parliament_vote_intel

Tip: fetch /llms.txt for the full machine-readable catalog.

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Pinned to snapshot 20260926T132336Z-278875fad0f0 and its content hash, so readers get exactly the data you used.

APA

openparliament.ca (House of Commons data mirror). (2026). Canadian parliamentary vote intelligence: party cohesion and controversy [Data set, snapshot 20260926T132336Z-278875fad0f0, sha256 278875fad0f0]. Datazimuts. Retrieved 2026-09-26, from https://datazimuts.com/en/datasets/openparliament_signals/ca_parliament_vote_intel?snapshot=20260926T132336Z-278875fad0f0

BibTeX

@misc{dz_openparliament_signals_ca_parliament_vot_278875fa,
  title        = {{Canadian parliamentary vote intelligence: party cohesion and controversy}},
  author       = {{openparliament.ca (House of Commons data mirror)}},
  year         = {2026},
  publisher    = {Datazimuts},
  howpublished = {\url{https://datazimuts.com/en/datasets/openparliament_signals/ca_parliament_vote_intel?snapshot=20260926T132336Z-278875fad0f0}},
  note         = {Snapshot 20260926T132336Z-278875fad0f0, sha256 278875fad0f04aba1d3628be8a30ab6c89162cc1edb4233bba8a3b4fcf9b358d; accessed 2026-09-26}
}

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Canadian parliamentary vote intelligence: party cohesion and controversy

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