Bibliothèque

Eurostat

Government debt by instrument, % of GDP (annual)

Annual general government consolidated gross debt by financial instrument at face value, as a percentage of GDP, for EU member states, EFTA countries, EU candidates and EU/euro-area aggregates. Eurostat dataset gov_10dd_edpt1 ('Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data' - the Excessive Deficit Procedure notification table, ESA 2010), filtered to freq=A, sector=S13 (general government), unit=PC_GDP ('Percentage of gross domestic product (GDP)') and the five face-value instruments: GD_F2 (currency and deposits), GD_F31 and GD_F32 (short-/long-term debt securities), GD_F41 and GD_F42 (short-/long-term loans). Each row is one (year, country, instrument). The five instruments add up to the headline Maastricht debt GD, exposing the funding structure of public debt: long-term debt securities dominate everywhere (e.g. FRA 2024 = 91.7% of GDP out of the 112.7% total; DEU 2024 = 46.6 of 62.2), while currency and deposits are negligible. The dataset complements the quarterly headline debt dataset (gov_10q_ggdebt) by breaking the stock into its financing components. Method: Eurostat compiles the EDP notifications transmitted by the member states each April and October; non-EU/EFTA/candidate countries are dropped (same licensing rule as the other Eurostat datasets). Units: percent of GDP. Caveats: debt is consolidated (intra-government liabilities are netted out) and recorded at face value, not market value; the latest year comes from the most recent EDP notification vintage and is provisional; the UK and Kosovo (XK) are dropped by the connector's commercial-use geo rule; the EU27_2020, EA21, EA20 and EA19 aggregates are included as published. Coverage: ~44 geographic units after the geo rule, 1995 to the present, annual, in five instrument classes. Provenance: Eurostat keyless JSON-stat API, free reuse with attribution (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU) - please cite Eurostat. Primary key: (year, country_code, instrument). Join keys: country_code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3), year. Cadence: refreshed yearly; Eurostat updates the table with each EDP notification (April/October). Sample use: filter instrument='GD_F32' and country_code='FRA' to track France's long-term bond-financed debt share of GDP.

• government
• fiscal
• government-debt
• debt-instruments