USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Area harvested (thousand ha), yield (MT/ha) and production (thousand MT) for 9 grain commodities (wheat, rice milled, corn, sorghum, barley, millet, oats, rye, mixed grain) across ~160 countries plus aggregates, marketing years 1960/61 to the present, from USDA FAS PSD Online (https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/downloads/psd_grains_pulses_csv.zip). Each row is one (commodity, country, marketing year, attribute): area harvested in thousand hectares, yield in metric tons per hectare, production in thousand metric tons (rice also carries rough production and milling rate). Method: USDA's official PSD forecasts, reviewed monthly by an interagency committee chaired by the World Agricultural Outlook Board; historical rows carry the vintage (vintage_year, vintage_month) of the PSD release that last revised them. Units: thousand ha / MT per ha / thousand MT. Caveats: marketing years start in different calendar months per country/commodity — never compare market_year labels across countries as calendar years; EU member states appear only as EU aggregates (EU15 before 1999, EU from 1999); the latest 1-2 marketing years are forecasts subject to revision; country codes are FIPS 10-4 mapped to ISO alpha-3 (see connector docs for historical entities). Coverage: worldwide, 1960/61 to present, yearly (marketing-year) granularity. Provenance: USDA FAS PSD Online keyless bulk CSV, U.S. public domain — please cite the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. Primary key: (commodity_code, country_code, market_year, attribute). Join keys: country_code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3), market_year. Cadence: refreshed monthly (WASDE cycle); new marketing-year data typically appears within days of the monthly release.
- agriculture
- usda
- grains
- food